Ubuntu常见问题

Alan

8 年前

安装 PHP

# Apache
#apt -y install software-properties-common apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates
#add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php  
#apt update
sudo apt install php7.4 php7.4-simplexml php7.4-zip libapache2-mod-php7.4 php7.4-curl php7.4-gd \
php7.4-mysql php7.4-intl php7.4-pdo php7.4-mbstring php7.4-imap -y
sudo apt install apache2
sudo chown -R www-data: /var/www/xxx
sudo a2enmod rewrite

systemctl restart apache2
# sudo ufw allow 'Apache Full'
# Nginx
sudo apt install php-fpm
systemctl status php7.4-fpm

# Apache

#apt -y install software-properties-common apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates

#add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

#apt update

sudo apt install php7.4 php7.4-simplexml php7.4-zip libapache2-mod-php7.4 php7.4-curl php7.4-gd \

php7.4-mysql php7.4-intl php7.4-pdo php7.4-mbstring php7.4-imap -y

sudo apt install apache2

sudo chown -R www-data: /var/www/xxx

sudo a2enmod rewrite

systemctl restart apache2

# sudo ufw allow 'Apache Full'

# Nginx

sudo apt install php-fpm

systemctl status php7.4-fpm

安装MariaDB

sudo apt install mariadb-server
sudo mysql_secure_installation

CREATE USER 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT permission_type ON database.table TO 'username'@'localhost';

sudo apt install mariadb-server

sudo mysql_secure_installation

CREATE USER 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

GRANT permission_type ON database.table TO 'username'@'localhost';

1、unknown collation ‘utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci’ mariadb

sed -i 's/utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci/utf8mb4_unicode_ci/g' xxx.sql

1	sed -i 's/utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci/utf8mb4_unicode_ci/g' xxx.sql

2、Row size too large (> 8126). Changing some columns to TEXT or BLOB or using ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC or ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED may help.

ALTER TABLE tablexxx ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;
sed -i 's/ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT/ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC/g' xxx.sql

1 2	ALTER TABLE tablexxx ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC; sed -i 's/ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT/ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC/g' xxx.sql

MySQL

apt-get install mysql-server
systemctl status mysql
cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf # 查看默认密码
# sudo mysql_secure_installation
create user 'admin'@'localhost' identified by 'admin';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin'

apt-get install mysql-server

systemctl status mysql

cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf # 查看默认密码

# sudo mysql_secure_installation

create user 'admin'@'localhost' identified by 'admin';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin'

Let’s Encrypt

# sudo apt install snapd
sudo snap install core; sudo snap refresh core
sudo snap install --classic certbot
sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot
sudo certbot --apache

# sudo certbot renew --dry-run

# sudo apt install snapd

sudo snap install core; sudo snap refresh core

sudo snap install --classic certbot

sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot

sudo certbot --apache

# sudo certbot renew --dry-run

PrestaShop

It looks like we have trouble connecting to Addons. Please refresh the page or check your firewall configuration.

# modules/ps_mbo/src/ExternalContentProvider/ExternalContentProvider.php const TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 0.6; # 把这里的值调大一点，如20

1
2

# modules/ps_mbo/src/ExternalContentProvider/ExternalContentProvider.php
const TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 0.6; # 把这里的值调大一点，如20
Error: ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS
登入后台Configure > Shop Parameters > General，开启SSL和SSL on all pages选项。
Attempted to call function “mb_split” from the global namespace.

sudo apt-get install php7.4-mbstring

1

sudo apt-get install php7.4-mbstring

Nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx

# sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
worker_connections 20000;
# 打开注释，隐藏版本
server_tokens off;
# 默认页面/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

sudo apt-get install nginx

# sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

worker_connections 20000;

# 打开注释，隐藏版本

server_tokens off;

# 默认页面/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

Redis

sudo apt install redis-server

# sudo vi /etc/redis/redis.conf
supervised systemd
bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
# requirepass foobared

sudo systemctl restart redis.service

sudo apt install redis-server

# sudo vi /etc/redis/redis.conf

supervised systemd

bind 127.0.0.1 ::1

# requirepass foobared

sudo systemctl restart redis.service

shell权限限制

# 本方法防不了高手
chsh -s /bin/rbash <username>
sudo mkdir /home/<username>/bin
sudo chmod 755 /home/<username>/bin
echo "PATH=$HOME/bin" >> /home/<username>/.bash_profile
echo "export PATH" >> /home/<username>/.bash_profile
sudo ln -s /bin/<command> /home/<username>/bin/
chattr +i /home/<username>/.bash_profile

# 其它方案：command="only cal cowsay factor figlet fortune" ssh-rsa AAABBBCC....
# https://github.com/ghantoos/lshell

# 本方法防不了高手

chsh -s /bin/rbash <username>

sudo mkdir /home/<username>/bin

sudo chmod 755 /home/<username>/bin

echo "PATH=$HOME/bin" >> /home/<username>/.bash_profile

echo "export PATH" >> /home/<username>/.bash_profile

sudo ln -s /bin/<command> /home/<username>/bin/

chattr +i /home/<username>/.bash_profile

# 其它方案：command="only cal cowsay factor figlet fortune" ssh-rsa AAABBBCC....

# https://github.com/ghantoos/lshell

常用命令

user add xxx
passwd xxx
sed -i '/^root.*ALL=(ALL).*ALL/a\xxx\tALL=(ALL) \tALL' /etc/sudoers

user add xxx

passwd xxx

sed -i '/^root.*ALL=(ALL).*ALL/a\xxx\tALL=(ALL) \tALL' /etc/sudoers

历史内容

使用设备公钥登录

# 本地机器 
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
# 服务器
vi ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

# 本地机器

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

# 服务器

vi ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

关闭防火墙

sudo ufw disable

1	sudo ufw disable

安装 ssh

安装 ssh

sudo apt-get install openssh-server
#文件传输
sudo apt-get install lrzsz

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

#文件传输

sudo apt-get install lrzsz

更新安装源

#安装源地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/ccdc/p/4428555.html
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
cd /etc/apt/
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

#安装源地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/ccdc/p/4428555.html

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

cd /etc/apt/

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

小技巧

vi下sp, vsp打开新文件进行水平或垂直分屏显示